The COVID-19 vaccination programs are going on throughout the country. But how are these being conducted? How is the manpower trained for the whole program amidst the pandemic?
Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) is a bacteria responsible for severe pneumonia, meningitis and other invasive diseases almost exclusively in children aged less than 5 years. According to World health organisation (WHO), It is transmitted through the respiratory tract from infected to susceptible individuals. Hib also causes potentially severe inflammatory infections of the face, mouth, blood, epiglottis, joints, heart, bones, peritoneum, and trachea. Although this problem occurs worldwide the burden of Hib disease was considerably higher in resource-poor countries, prior to the introduction of the vaccine into their national immunization programmes. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is one of the six related types of bacterium. The Hib bacterium is commonly present in the nose and throat. Bacteria are transmitted from person to person in droplets through sneezing, coughing. Infected children may carry Hib bacteria without showing any signs or symptoms of illness, but they can still infect others. The risk of disease is highest for children between six months and two years of age. Public health tool to preventing the majority of serious Hib disease According to WHO, Vaccines are the only public health tool capable of preventing the majority of serious Hib disease. Hib vaccines are safe and efficacious even when administered in early infancy. In view of their demonstrated safety and efficacy, WHO recommends that Hib conjugate vaccines to be included in all routine infant immunization programmes. Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals As of March 2012, the World Health Organization estimated that globally 199,000 (136,000 – 281,000) HIV negative child deaths under five years of age occurred during 2008 due to Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) and 476,000 (333,000 – 529,000) HIV negative child deaths under five years of age occurred during 2008 due to pneumococcal (Streptococcus pneumoniae) infections. Estimation of cases and deaths by pathogen is summarized below. 2% of all cause-child mortality under five were due to Hib infections. 5% of all cause-child mortality under five were due to pneumococcal infections. Source : https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/estimates/Pneumo_hib/en/ https://www.who.int/immunization/diseases/hib/en/
At current rates of progress up to 5 billion people will miss out on health care in 2030 GENEVA/NEW YORK— Countries must increase spending on primary healthcare by at least 1% of their gross domestic product (GDP) if the world is to close glaring coverage gaps and meet health targets agreed in 2015, says a new report from the World Health Organization and partners on the eve of a UN General Assembly high-level meeting on Universal Health Coverage. They must also intensify efforts to expand services countrywide. The world will need to double health coverage between now and 2030, according to the Universal Health Coverage Monitoring Report. It warns that if current trends continue, up to 5 billion people will still be unable to access health care in 2030 – the deadline world leaders have set for achieving universal health coverage. Most of those people are poor and already disadvantaged. Primary health care key to health for all “If we are really serious about achieving universal health coverage and improving people’s lives, we must get serious about primary health care,” says Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “That means providing essential health services like immunization, antenatal care, healthy lifestyle advice as close to home as possible – and making sure people do not have to pay for this care out of their own pockets.” Investing an additional USD200 billion a year on scaling up primary health care across low and middle-income countries would potentially save 60 million lives, increase average life expectancy by 3.7 years by 2030, and contribute significantly to socio-economic development. It would represent about 3 % increase on the USD7.5 trillion already spent on health globally each year. Most of that funding would come from countries themselves. The report says that most countries can scale up primary health care using domestic resources – either by increasing public spending on health in general, or by reallocating spending towards primary health care – or by doing both. At present, most countries are underinvesting in primary health care. But for the poorest countries, including many affected by conflict, this may…
