New
Delhi, December 17th 2019 : A white yellow star in Sextans
constellation and a its Jupiter like exo-planets, which were hitherto named HD
86081 and 86081b, will now have Indian names.
By T.V.Venkateswaran
The International Astronomical Union today announced that while the star will be
called Bibhā, the planet will be called Santamasa. The star has been named in
honour of a pioneering Indian woman scientist Dr Bibha Choudhury, who
discovered subatomic particle, pi-meson, Bhibha also means “a bright beam
of light” in Bengali. The planet has been named Santamasa to reflect the cloudy
nature of its atmosphere. Santamasa is the Sanskrit term for “clouded”.
The
IAU chose the name at the end of a global contest called `NameExoWorlds’,
which was organised as part of its centenary celebrations. The agency, which
turned 100 on July 28, had allowed every country in the world to give a famous
name to a selected pair of exoplanet and its host star. India was allotted HD
86081 and its exoplanet HD 86081b.
The
contest was launched on 10th July 2019. By August 15, the last date for
submission, a total of 1,717 youngsters had suggested names, and a committee of
experts shortlisted10 for public voting. The final entry was selected after
voting by 5,587 persons.
Ananyo
Bhattacharya, a 22-year old student of Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of
Technology at Surat had suggested the name of Bhibha for the star and
13-year-old Vidyasagar Daud of Singhad Spring Dale Public School, Pune had
suggested the name of Santamasa for the planet.
Some
of the other names approved by IAU for other stars and planets from other
countries include the names of mythological dogs, Bran, Tuiren, from the Irish
legend for a host star and its exoplanet located in the constellation of Canes
Venatici (the Hunting Dogs), Wadirum and Petra, names of ancient cities of
Jordon for a star and its exoplanet in the constellation of Aquila, Baiduri and
Intan, names of gemstones in Malay language for a pair in the constellation of
Fornax (the Furnace) and Nakambé and Mouhoun, the two prominent rivers of
Burkina Faso for a star and exoplanet in constellation of Eridanus (The River).
Once a star and few of its characteristics are
found, they are listed in a catalogue such as Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) and
assigned telephone-number-like designations. “There has been growing interest
amongst astronomers and the public alike to also assigning proper names, as is
done for Solar System bodies,” says Eric Mamajek, co-chair of the NameExoWorlds
Steering Committee of IAU.
Announcing the names at a press conference at Paris, Project Manager, Eduardo
Monfardini Penteado said: “The IAU 100 Name Exo Worlds campaign provided the
public with the exciting opportunity to help with the naming of over 100 new
worlds and their stars.”
Dr
Somak Raychaudhury, Director IUCAA and member of the national committee of IAU,
said, “I am delighted that we can recognise contributions of Dr Bibha Choudhury
by naming a unique cosmic body after her.”
HD 86081 would have remained nondescript and unnamed but for the discovery of a
planet going around that star in 2006. Observing the minute wobble of the star
as the unseen planet tugged it as it orbited around it, John Asher
Johnson a Californian astronomer and his colleagues concluded that there was a
star with an exoplanet orbiting it.
More
than 110 countries took part in the naming campaign, and over 7,80,000 people
participated worldwide to propose and select names for each exoplanet and its
host star. In India, the campaign was coordinated by the Public Outreach and
Education Committee of the Astronomical Society of India (ASI).. “The ASI
is very pleased that IAU has accepted the names suggested from India,” said Dr
G. C. Anupama, President, ASI.
Bibhā, nee HD 8608, is located in the constellation of Sextans. It is as hot as
the sun, with a surface temperature of about 6,000 degrees Kelvin. It is 1.55
times bigger, 1.21 times massive, and 1.75 times brighter. It is so far away
that light from it takes 310.93 years to reach Earth and hence it is visible
only with a telescope.
While Sun, which is five billion years old, is in its middle age, Bibhā is an ageing star, 6.210 billion years old.
Santamasa, which is its only planet, is estimated to have a mass of 1.5 times that of Jupiter, going around the central star in a nearly circular orbit just in 2.1375 days. Revolving so near the host star, the planet is expected to be very hot.
Significantly, this year Nobel Prize in Physics has been partly awarded to the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star. The first exoplanet discovered in 1995, designated 51 Pegasi b, was named Dimidium in the first NameExoWorlds public naming campaign by the IAU in 2015. Until July 1, 2019, astronomers have identified 4,098 exoplanets of which 665 stars have more than one planets.
(India
Science Wire)
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